effects of adenosine a2a receptor agonist and antagonist on cere-bellar nuclear factor-kbexpression preceded by mdma toxicity
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abstract
background :adenosine is an endogenous purine nucleoside that has a neuromodulatory role in the central nervous system. the amphetamine derivative (±)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (mdma or ecstasy) is a synthetic amphetamine analogue used recreationally to obtain an enhanced affiliated emotional response. mdma is a potent monoaminergic neurotoxin with the potential of damage to brain neurons. the nf-kbfamilyof proteins are ubiquitously expressed and are inducible transcription factors that regulate the expression of genes involved in disparate processes such as immunity and ingrowth, development and cell-death regulation. in this study we investigated the effects of the a2a adenosine receptor (a2a-r) agonist (cgs) and antagonist (sch) on nf-kb expression after mdma administration. methods : sixty three male sprague–dawley rats were injected to mdma (10 and 20mg/kg) followed by intraperitoneal cgs (0.03 mg/kg) or sch (0.03mg/kg) injection. the cerebellum were then removed forcresyl-violet staining, western blot and rt- pcr analyses. mdma significantly elevated nf-kb expression. our results showed that mdma increased the number of cerebellar dark neurons. results : we observed that administration of cgs following mdma, significantly elevated the nf-kb expression both at mrna and protein levels. by contrast, administration of the a2a-r antagonist sch resulted in a decrease in the nf-kb levels. conclusion : these results indicated that, co-administration of a2a agonist (cgs) can protect against mdma neurotoxic effects by increasing nf-kb expression levels suggesting a potential application for protection against the neurotoxic effects observed in mdma users.
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Journal title:
medical journal of islamic republic of iranجلد ۲۸، شماره ۱، صفحات ۷۹۳-۸۰۳
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